数字人民币在冬奥会已交易96亿元 Digital RMB has been traded at 9.6 billion yuan at the Winter Olympics

正在如火如荼进行的冬奥会期间，除了现金、刷卡等传统支付方式，数字人民币也成为重要的支付方式之一。

During the Winter Olympics in full swing, in addition to traditional payment methods such as cash and credit cards, digital renminbi has also become one of the important payment methods.

北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会场景是数字人民币试点之一，围绕冬奥会和国际消费中心城市建设，目前北京数字人民币试点已经覆盖冬奥全场景40余万个，交易金额96亿元。

The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics and Winter Paralympics are one of the digital RMB pilots. Focusing on the construction of the Winter Olympics and an international consumption center city, the Beijing digital RMB pilot has covered more than 400,000 Winter Olympics scenarios, with a transaction amount of 9.6 billion Yuan.

在冬奥会场景中，数字人民币既可以使用数字人民币App支付，也可以使用基于安全芯片等技术的IC卡、手机终端、可穿戴设备、物联网设备等“硬钱包”支付。因此，来自世界各地的运动员和随队官员、媒体记者、观众、工作人员等，都能够方便获取和使用数字人民币。

In the Winter Olympics scenario, digital renminbi can be paid with the digital renminbi App, or with "hard wallets" such as IC cards, mobile terminals, wearable devices, and IoT devices based on technologies such as security chips. Therefore, athletes and team officials, media reporters, spectators, staff, etc. from all over the world can easily obtain and use digital renminbi.

什么是央行的数字货币？ What is the central bank's digital currency?

关于数字货币，大家应该听说过“比特币”，如果是比较关心科技新闻的朋友，还会听说2019年6月，全世界最大的社交网站Facebook发布了自己的数字加密货币“Libra”。

Regarding digital currency, you should have heard of "Bitcoin". If you are a friend who is more concerned about technology news, you will also hear that in June 2019, Facebook, the world's largest social networking site, released its own digital cryptocurrency "Libra".

那么我们国家央行发行的货币叫什么呢？我们这个数字货币叫DCEP（Digital Currency Electronic Payment），也就是“数字货币和电子支付工具”。

So what is the currency issued by our central bank called? Our digital currency is called DCEP (Digital Currency Electronic Payment), which is "Digital Currency and Electronic Payment Tools".

央行数字货币是纸钞的数字化替代 DCEP is a digital alternative to paper money

央行的数字货币DCEP，功能和属性跟纸钞完全一样，只不过它的形态是数字化的。换句话说，就是“具有价值特征的数字支付工具”。

The central bank's digital currency DCEP has exactly the same functions and attributes as banknotes, except that its form is digital. In other words, it is a "digital payment instrument with value characteristics".

什么叫具有“价值特征”呢？简单来说，就是“不需要账户就能够实现价值转移”。就跟我们现在一样，用纸钞进行支付的时候，是不需要账户的，DCEP也是这样。

What does it mean to have a "value feature"? Simply put, it is "value transfer without the need for an account". Just like we are now, when paying with banknotes, there is no need for an account, and the same is true for DCEP.

你可以想象这样的场景：只要你我手机上都有DCEP的数字钱包，那连网络都不需要，只要手机有电，两个手机碰一碰，就能把一个人数字钱包里的数字货币，转给另一个人。

You can imagine a scenario like this: as long as you and I have a DCEP digital wallet on your mobile phone, you don’t even need an internet connection. As long as your mobile phone has power, you can transfer the digital currency in a person’s digital wallet by touching two mobile phones to another.

也就是说，你在支付的时候，是不需要绑定任何银行账户的。不像我们现在用微信也好、支付宝也好，都要绑定一张银行卡，但DCEP不需要。

That is to say, when you pay, you do not need to bind any bank account. Unlike WeChat or Alipay, we all need to bind a bank card, but DCEP does not need it.

当然了，除非你要往数字钱包充钱，或者你想从数字钱包里取钱出来去理财，除此之外，用户与用户之间的相互转账是不需要进行账户的绑定的。这就意味着，DCEP能像纸钞一样流通，你可以把它简单地理解成“纸钞的数字化替代”。

Of course, unless you want to add money to the digital wallet, or you want to withdraw money from the digital wallet for financial management, in addition, the mutual transfer between users does not require account binding. This means that DCEP can be circulated like banknotes, and you can simply understand it as "digital replacement of banknotes".

央行数字货币跟支付宝和微信有什么不同？ What is the difference between theDCEP and Alipay and WeChat?

1. 央行的数字货币属于法币。

The DCEP belongs to legal tender.

所谓“法币”，就跟我们现在使用的现金一样，央行的数字货币也具有无限法偿性，就是说你不能拒绝接受DCEP。

The so-called "fiat currency", just like the cash we use now, the central bank's digital currency also has unlimited legal compensation, which means that you cannot refuse to accept DCEP.

我们看到现在私营的支付机构或平台，会设置各种支付壁垒。有些地方，用微信的地方不能用支付宝，用支付宝的地方不能用微信，但对央行数字货币来说，只要你能使用电子支付的地方，就必须接受央行的数字货币。

We see that now private payment institutions or platforms will set up various payment barriers. In some places, Alipay cannot be used where WeChat is used, and WeChat cannot be used where Alipay is used, but for the central bank's digital currency, as long as you can use electronic payment, you must accept the central bank's digital currency.

2. 央行数字货币的效力和安全性更好。

DCEP is more potent and secure

我们现在用的纸钞是央行货币，DCEP也是央行发行的，但支付宝或微信做电子支付时，用的是支付宝的电子钱包、微信的电子钱包，它们的货币是从哪儿来的呢？它们不是用央行货币进行结算的，而是用商业银行存款货币进行结算的。当然，在备付金集中存管以后，情况有所变化。

The banknotes we use now are the currency of the central bank, and DCEP is also issued by the central bank, but when Alipay or WeChat makes electronic payments, they use Alipay's e-wallet and WeChat's e-wallet. Where do their currencies come from? They are not settled in central bank currency, but in commercial bank deposit currency. Of course, after the centralized custody of the reserves, the situation has changed.

理论上讲，商业银行都可能会破产，所以这些年人民银行建立了存款保险制度；但假设微信破产了，微信钱包里的钱，它没有存款保险，你就只能参加它的破产清算。比如你之前有100块钱，现在只能还你1毛钱，你也只能接受，它是不受央行最后贷款人的保护的。当然，这种可能性很小，但你不能完全排除。

In theory, commercial banks may go bankrupt, so the People's Bank of China has established a deposit insurance system in recent years; but if WeChat goes bankrupt, the money in the WeChat wallet has no deposit insurance, and you can only participate in its bankruptcy liquidation. For example, if you had 100 yuan before, and now you can only repay 1 cent, you can only accept it. It is not protected by the central bank's lender of last resort. Of course, this possibility is very small, but you can't completely rule it out.

3. 央行数字货币能做到“双离线支付”。

The central bank's digital currency can achieve "dual offline payment".

举例，如果一个城市发生了突发情况，例如大地震，飓风等自然灾害，网络通讯都断了，那么现在支付宝或微信等电子支付，肯定用不了。

For example, if an emergency occurs in a city, such as a natural disaster such as a major earthquake and a hurricane, and network communication is interrupted, then electronic payments such as Alipay or WeChat will definitely not be available.

那个时候，只剩下两种可能性，一个是纸钞，一个就是央行的数字货币。不需要网络就能支付，我们叫做 “双离线支付”，是指收支双方都离线，也能进行支付。只要你手机有电，哪怕整个网络都断了，央行的数字货币也可以实现支付。

At that time, there were only two possibilities left, one was banknotes and the other was the central bank's digital currency. Payment can be made without the need for a network. We call it "dual offline payment", which means that both parties to the payment and payment are offline and can also make payments. As long as your mobile phone has power, even if the entire network is cut off, the central bank's digital currency can also be used for payment.

央行推出数字货币之后，会对支付宝和微信的支付地位产生影响吗？

After the central bank launches digital currency, will it affect the payment status of Alipay and WeChat?

答案是：不会的。因为目前支付宝、微信也是使用人民币支付，其实也就是用商业银行存款货币进行支付。央行数字货币推出后，只是换成了数字人民币，也就是用央行的存款货币，虽然支付工具变了，功能也增加了，但渠道和场景都没有变化。

The answer is: No. Because Alipay and WeChat are currently paid in RMB, in fact, they are paid in the currency of commercial bank deposits. After the central bank's digital currency was launched, it was only replaced by digital renminbi, that is, the central bank's deposit currency. Although the payment tools have changed and the functions have increased, the channels and scenarios have not changed.

4. 央行数字货币支持“匿名支付”。

The central bank's digital currency supports "anonymous payments".

现在移动支付那么通行，为什么还有的民众选择现金支付？因为他们不想别人检测到他的支付轨迹。

Now that mobile payment is so popular, why do some people choose cash payment? Because they don't want others to detect his payment trajectory.

但现在的支付工具，比如说互联网支付、银行卡支付都是跟传统银行账户体系紧紧绑定的，它满足不了匿名的需求，也就不可能完全取代现钞的支付，也就是纸钞支付。

However, the current payment tools, such as Internet payment and bank card payment, are tightly bound to the traditional bank account system. They cannot meet the needs of anonymity, and it is impossible to completely replace cash payment, that is, paper cash payment.

但央行数字货币能够解决这些问题，它支持“匿名支付”，既能保持现钞的属性和主要的价值特征，又能满足便携和匿名的要求。

But the central bank's digital currency can solve these problems. It supports "anonymous payment", which can not only maintain the attributes and main value characteristics of cash, but also meet the requirements of portability and anonymity.

我们除了关注冬奥健儿的出色表现，还可以关注一下数字化人民币在冬奥会场景的应用。什么是数字化人民币？它是如何实现支付？它跟支付宝、微信钱包等有什么区别？

In addition to paying attention to the outstanding performance of the Winter Olympic athletes, we can also pay attention to the application of digital renminbi in the Winter Olympics scene. What is digital renminbi? How does it make payments? What is the difference between it and Alipay, WeChat wallet, etc.?

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